Types of Lung Cancer: A Detailed Overview
types of lung cancer – Lung cancer is one of the most common and serious types of cancer worldwide. It occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the lungs, forming tumors that interfere with lung function. There are two main types of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Each type has different characteristics, treatment options, and prognoses.
1. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of cases. It generally grows more slowly than small cell lung cancer and is further classified into different subtypes.
A. Adenocarcinoma
- Most common type of lung cancer (about 40% of cases)
- Typically starts in the outer parts of the lungs
- More common in non-smokers and younger individuals
- Tends to spread more slowly compared to other types
- Can often be detected early through screening and imaging tests
B. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Accounts for about 25–30% of lung cancer cases
- Begins in the lining of the bronchi (large airways)
- Strongly linked to smoking
- Can cause symptoms such as coughing, chest pain, and airway obstruction
- Often diagnosed at a more advanced stage
C. Large Cell Carcinoma
- Represents 10–15% of NSCLC cases
- Can appear in any part of the lung
- Grows and spreads faster than other types of NSCLC
- More challenging to treat due to its aggressive nature
2. Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
SCLC makes up about 10–15% of all lung cancer cases. It is a more aggressive form of lung cancer that grows quickly and spreads early to other organs.
Characteristics of Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Primarily caused by smoking (rare in non-smokers)
- Starts in the bronchi (central airways) and rapidly spreads
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